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New screening method may prevent falls before they happen
Researchers think a proactive approach may save lives
Updated:
key insights:
- University of Michigan researchers have developed a clinical screening method designed to identify people at high risk of falling before they experience their first fall.
- The approach combines three simple tests, including a device that measures reaction accuracy and balance recovery, to detect early signs of instability.
- Researchers say early identification could allow physicians to intervene years before a fall-related injury occurs.
Most fall-prevention efforts begin after a patient has already fallen and suffered an injury. Researchers at the University of Michigan are trying to change that with a new clinical approach designed to identify people at risk before their first serious fall occurs.
James Richardson, M.D., a professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at the University of Michigan Health, has developed what he calls the JEDII method — short for Judicious Early Detection of Impending Imbalance. The approach is used at the JEDII Fall Clinic to assess patients for subtle balance and reaction deficits that may signal an increased risk of falling years before an accident occurs.
Richardson said the traditional approach to fall prevention often waits until after a patient reports a fall or noticeable balance problems. He believed clinicians needed a way to identify risk much earlier.
Three simple tests
The screening process relies on three relatively simple tests. One established measure evaluates whether a person can stand on one foot for at least 15 seconds. Previous large-scale research has shown that people unable to meet that benchmark face a significantly higher risk of falling within the next seven to 10 years.
Another component uses a device known as the ReacStick, which measures not only reaction speed but also reaction accuracy. During testing, patients must quickly decide whether to catch or release the device based on visual cues. The task is intended to mimic the split-second decisions people make when they begin to lose their balance.
Researchers believe these assessments can reveal impairments that traditional balance evaluations may miss, helping physicians identify patients who could benefit from targeted interventions such as exercise programs, physical therapy, medication reviews, or other preventive measures.
Major health concern
Falls remain a major public health concern, particularly among older adults. According to federal health data, falls are among the leading causes of injury-related hospitalizations and deaths in people aged 65 and older.
By focusing on early detection rather than post-injury treatment, Richardson hopes the JEDII approach can help reduce the number of serious falls and allow patients to maintain their independence longer.